Switzerland's History 2

By 1200, the Swiss plateau dominions of Savoy houses were Zähringer, Habsburg and Kyburg.Some region (Uri, Schwyz, Unterwalden, later called Waldstätten) admits the imperial presence of the Empire to the direct control of mountain passes. When the Kyburg dynasty fell in 1264 AD, the Habsburgs expanded by King Rudolph I (Holy Roman Emperor in 1273) in their territory, the eastern Swiss plateau.

Old Swiss Confederacy

The Old Swiss Confederacy is an alliance among the valley communities in the central Alps. Confederacy facilitated management of common interests (free trade) and ensured peace on the important mountain trade routes. The federal agreed for 1291 rural communes of Uri, Schwyz and Unterwalden is considered the Confederacy of the original document, even though similar alliances are likely to exist decades previously.


In 1353, joined the three original chantún chantún Glarus and Zug and Lucerne, Zürich and Berne city states to be the "Old Confederacy" of eight states that existed until the late 15th century. The expansion has led to increased power and wealth of the Federation.In 1460, the Confederates controlled most of the area south and west of the Rhine to the Alps and the Jura mountains, particularly after victories against the Habsburgs (Battle of Sempach, Battle Nafels) over Charles Bold of Burgundy during the 1470s, and the success of Swiss mercenaries. The Swiss victory in the Swabian War against the Swabian League of Emperor Maximilian I in 1499 was de facto independence within the Holy Roman Empire. 

Was obtained at the Old Swiss Confederacy reputation of invincibility in earlier wars, but expansion of the federation suffered a setback in 1515 with the Swiss defeat in the Battle of Marignano. This removes the "heroic" epoch of Swiss history.The success of Zwingli Reformation in some chantún cantonal result of inter-religious conflicts in 1529 and 1531 (Wars of Kappel). It was not until more than a hundred years after these internal wars in 1648 during the Peace of Westphalia, European countries recognized the independence of Switzerland from the Holy Roman Empire and its neutrality.  


In the early modern period of Swiss history, led the growing authoritarianism of the patriciate families combined with a financial crisis after the Thirty Years War the Swiss peasant war of 1653 In the background of the struggle against chantún conflict between Catholic and Protestant, erupting in further violence at the Battle of Villmergen in 1656 and the 1712th 

Napoleonic era
In 1798 captured the French revolutionary government of Switzerland and introduced a new joint constitution.This centralized the government in the country and effectively abolished the chantún and Mülhausen and separated from Switzerland Valtellina valley. The new system, known as the Helvetic Republic, was very keen. It was imposed by a foreign invading army and destroyed centuries of tradition, Switzerland is more than a French satellite state. The strict ban on the French uprising in September 1798 Nidwalden example of the oppressive presence of the French army and the local resistance against the occupation.


When war broke out between France and its rivals, Russian forces invaded Austria and Switzerland. Swiss refused to fight alongside the French in the name of the Helvetic Republic. In 1803 Napoleon organized a meeting of the leading Swiss politicians from both sides in Paris. The outcome of the Law on Mediation which largely restored Swiss autonomy and introduced 19 chantún Federation.this out, that much of Swiss politics of balancing the chantún tradition of independence with the need for central government.